Zhao N, He C, Liu J et al (2014) Dependence of catalytic properties of Al/Fe 2O 3 thermites on morphology of Fe 2O 3 particles in combustion reactions. Hu Y, Zhong H, Wang Y, Lu L, Yang H (2018) TiO 2/antimony-doped tin oxide: Highly water-dispersed nano composites with excellent IR insulation and super-hydrophilic property. J Phys Chem C 120:3341–3349ĭu Y, Yan J, Meng Q, Wang J, Dai H (2012) Fabrication and excellent conductive performance of antimony-doped tin oxide-coated diatomite with porous structure. Li N, Li Y, Li W, Ji S, Jin P (2016) One-Step hydrothermal synthesis of TiO 3 core–shell nanomaterial: Microstructure, growth mechanism, and improved photochromic property. Zhang S, Chen S, Yang F et al (2019) High-performance electrochromic device based on novel polyaniline nanofibers wrapped antimony-doped tin oxide/TiO 2 nanorods. Zheng C, Wang Y, Phua SZF, Lim WQ, Zhao Y (2017) core–shell nanoparticles for pH-responsive drug delivery. Zhang Q, Zhang W, Peng K (2019) In-situ synthesis and magnetic properties of core-shell structured Fe/Fe 3O 4 composites. Yang S, Huang Y, Han G, Liu J, Cao Y (2017) Synthesis and electrochemical performance of double shell SnO TiO 2 spheres for lithium ion battery application. Jia B, Cao P, Zhang H, Wang G (2019) Mesoporous amorphous TiO 2 shell-coated ZIF-8 as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for transesterification to synthesize diphenyl carbonate. Kusiora A, Zycha L, Zakrzewskab K, Radecka M (2019) Photocatalytic activity of TiO 2/SnO 2 nanostructures with controlled dimensionality/complexity. Nanoscale 7:19789–19873īayal N, Jeevanandam P (2012) Synthesis of core-shell nanoparticles by homogeneous precipitation method. Purbia R, Paria S (2015) Yolk/shell nanoparticles: classifications, synthesis, properties, and applications. Our analysis indicates that the conductive channel mechanism is the main conductive mechanism of the as-prepared composite. The results revealed that the core–shell structured TSS was formed, and the resistivity of composite powder was below 4.0 Ω cm under the optimum conditions. Effects of dropping conditions, introducing sulfate, pH value, calcination temperature and holding time on the conductivity of TSS were investigated by measuring resistivity, Zeta potential and particle size, meanwhile the calcination action and conductive mechanism by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron spin resonance. The morphology, structure and composition of TSS were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Brunauer–Emmet–Teller surface area analyzer, X-ray diffractometer and transmission electron microscope with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, respectively. Based on this, spherical TiO –SnO 2 (TSS) has been prepared by homogeneous precipitation combined with a high-temperature calcination process. TiO 2 can be integrated with antimony-doped tin oxide to obtain composite materials with high electroconductivity.